BIOLOGY 2C03 Lecture Notes - Stop Codon, Open Reading Frame, Start Codon
11 Nov 2013
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What we have seen: changes in chromosome structure e. g. histone modifications, nucleosome repositioning, epigenetics, trascriptional regulation: transcription factors, enhances and activating proteins, silencers and repressors. Other ways: post-transcriptional modification, rna processing, rna transport, translation of mrnas, mrna stability and degradation, silencing rnas. Group 2(some protein-coding genes of mitochondria, chloroplasts, etc. ) Nuclear pre-mrna (protein-coding genes of the nucleus trna. Splicing requires: access to conserved cis sequences in specific sites of the intron and exon (gu-ag rule, spliceosome omplex. 5" gu sequence and 3" aag sequence that are recognized by the splicesome. End product is a spliced exon and a lariat. Process happens for all introns and we then get mature mrna. By studying simple model organisms you can learn principles of gene regulation. Splicing takes place in the speckle like regions: lots of proteins and high concentration of circular structures called ribonucleo particles rnps. Rnps are complexes of proteins that reognige rna and immature rna.
