PSYCH211 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Learned Helplessness, Prosocial Behavior, Social Comparison Theory
18 Nov 2013
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Industriousness- the energetic pursuit of meaningful achievement in one"s culture a major change of middle childhood. According to him, children whose previous experiences have been positive enter middle childhood prepared to redirect their energies from the make-believe of early childhood into realistic accomplishment. Industry vs. inferiority is resolved positively when experiences lead children to develop a sense of competence at useful skills and tasks. In industrialized nations, the beginning of formal schooling marks the transition to middle childhood. Erikson"s sense of industry combines several developments of middle childhood: a positive but realistic self-concept, pride in accomplishment, moral responsibility, and cooperative participation with agemates. In middle childhood, children become able to describe themselves in terms of psychological traits. This has a major impact on children"s self esteem. During the school years, children refine their self-concept, organizing their observations of behaviors and internal states into general dispositions.
