PSY290H1 Lecture Notes - Circadian Rhythm, Slow-Wave Sleep, Basal Forebrain
Document Summary
What we know about transmitters influence on waking arousal/rousing effect of brain stem activation. Slow wave sleep and rem sleep, which does what (neurotransmitters) Norepinephrine and epinephrine in cxn to sleep raphe serotonin neurons, histamine, etc. Also widespread arousal of mesopontine cholinergic neurons, Serotonin mediated analgesia (raphe nuclei?) project thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, cortex. Mesopontine cholinergic neurons near locus coeruleus also provide diffuse cholinergic arousal. Activate dopamine nerons, all thalamic neurons in turn activates cortex through synapse. Also basal forebrain cholinergic neurons activates entire cortex. Basal forebrain + mesopontine cholinergic neurons =>widespread arousal. Cortex activation orexin-hypocretin, histamine, basal forebrain neurons =>all activate diffuse arousal systems. List going from caudal to rostral diffuse arousal systems list of neurons. Histamine neurons in front of brain, orexin/hypocretin neurons in front of them, then basal forebrain in front of them (lost in degenerative disease) During waking states, either very relaxed with steadily quiet. Multichannel eeg recordings displayed beating brain/intensely active brain with intense waves.
