RELG 252 Lecture Notes - White Supremacy, Sarasvati River, Asko Parpola
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Problem A: Shipwreck Founder Effect Genetics
In the year 1782, a small passenger schooner (the HMS Leaky) was blown off course, crashing into the rocks of a then-uncharted mid-Atlantic island. The 30 survivors built shelter and found plentiful food on the island. Within a year, it was clear that there was little chance of rescue and no means of leaving. Soon, the warm tropical nights led couples to succumb to the romantic tendencies that moonlight walks on the beach can induce. Before long, babies were born, and the ânewâ civilization of the island now known as Gilligania was off to the races.
A genetic analysis of the remains of those original islanders showed the following ABO blood type phenotypes:
| Blood Type | Number of People |
| A* | 9 |
| B** | 7 |
| AB | 4 |
| O | 10 |
*Four heterozygotes (iA iO) and five homozygotes for iA
** Five heterozygotes (iB iO) and two homozygotes for iB
Keep in mind that the blood type alleles iA and iB are codominant over each other, and that the iO allele is recessive to both iA and iB. If you need to do so, review the genetics of this system in Campbellâs Biology. Based on this information, please answer the following questions (show your work):
1. What were the frequencies of the three alleles in the original survivor population on the island?
2. Determine the genetic structure (allele and genotype/phenotype frequencies) for this gene system in the island population in 1932, when the island was ârediscoveredâ by cartographers. The population at that time had grown to 185 people.
THis was all the information we were given
1
The Romans created which of the following innovations in architecture that allowed them to build structures higher and stronger than any civilization before them?
| A. | arches | |
| B. | domes | |
| C. | cement | |
| D. | all of the above |
2
A dome is an arch rotated 360 degrees.
True
False
3
Vaulted arches are:
| A. | pointed arches that were developed for Gothic catehdrals, raising the ceilings up high toward heaven. | |
| B. | post-and-lintel structures | |
| C. | were used in the Cathedral of Chartres. | |
| D. | a an c |
4
Frank Gehry's design for Disney Hall in downtown Los Angeles employs the visual language of architecture. This means that the undulating curvilinear lines of the shapes which comprise the outside of the concert hall can convey the function of the hall.
Disney Hall is a performing art space for music and Gehry's curvilinear shapes could be interpreted as creating a feeling of music-like rhythm.
True
False
5
Which of the following relates to "green architecture"?
| A. | A building should be built as large as possible. | |
| B. | a building is made to be both environmentally friendly as well as sustainable. | |
| C. | trees that are originally on the site are cut down and shipped to a distant building site. | |
| D. | none of the above |
6
An example of "green architecture" is the Busnell House in California.
Which of the following is a reason why this house is considered "green architecture"?
| A. | The house is built with an atrium that faces toward the sun, warming the house naturally and sustainably. | |
| B. | The solar panels on the house collect sun rays that are converted into renewable energy for use in warming the house. | |
| C. | The house is partially submerged in the landscape, such that green grass of the surrounding area slopes up the house and onto the roof, creating the feeling that the house is part of the landscape. | |
| D. | all of the above. |
7
Skeleton-and-skin architecture was used on the Seagram Building in NYC.
This building also represents the International Style; a style of architecture that emphasized an elaborate system of embelished organic designs and curvilinear forms.
True
False
8
The Geodesic Domes designed by Buckminster Fuller are based on the way honeybees construct honeycombs.
True
False
9
An example of the visual language of architecture is Santiago Calatrava's Path station at Ground Zero, which is designed like the skeleton of a bird. The Path station will be a new hub for the downtown area of Wall Street, where Ground Zero is located. Thus, the bird shape can convey both flight and hope for the memorial site at Ground Zero.
True
False
10
New technologies like CATIA computer software designed for the aerospace industry has allowed architects like Santiago Calatrava and Frank Gehry to make shapes that have curvilinear lines and twist and turn in space.
True
False