GG281 Lecture Notes - Rayleigh Scattering, Mie Scattering, Cloud Albedo
Document Summary
Dalr slope is always less than salr- parcel of air that is cooling at the dalr cooler faster. If dalr, salr slopes are to the right of elr always unstable. Conditional instability more common in atmosphere: normally, breezes forcing air up a slope and get relative humidity less than 100% when. Orographic rainfall: environmental lapse rate can be cooler than environmental lapse rate and only rising because pressure system is literally pushing air up the mountains, this is conditional stability. Sources: natural (volcanoes, dms, sea salt), and anthropogenic (industrial contamination) Impacts: condensation nuclei, scattering of shortwave radiation, absorbs short and long wave radiation. Water molecules aerosols heterogeneous nucleation water droplets freezing nuclei ice. Interested in surface area of aerosol because that determines how it reacts in atmosphere. Cooling effect of aerosols: direct reflection of solar radiation direct climate forcing. Aerosol particles influence: size, abundance, rate of production of cloud droplets influence cloud cover, cloud albedo, cloud lifetime.
