Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Gamete, Product Rule, Punnett Square

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6 Dec 2013

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Conditions necessary for hardy-weinberg equilibrium whether a population is in hwe, given observed genotype or phenotype frequencies relative vs. absolute fitness: In a large, random-mating population, where mutations are rare enough to be ignored, in the absence of immigration or emigration, and if there is no selection . Hardy-w doesn t apply when there is selection pressure. How to calculate relative fitness: absolute fitness (w): usually defined as # surviving offspring produced over an individual s lifetime: -influenced by survival to adulthood, longevity, attracting mates, fertility, offspring survival . *sometimes we have to estimate absolute fitness (w) based on one or two of these components of fitness (and assume the others are similar across genotypes) Relative fitness (w) : standardize absolute fitness to get relative fitness (by comparing it to other absolute fitness of other individuals in the same population ex.

Related Questions

Assume a population of pea plants consists of 300 TT and 700 tt, with T (tall) dominant to t (short).

A. What are the phenotypic, genotypic, and allele frequencies?

B. Further assume that you allow this population to undergo one generation of random mating with eachother and you know that mutation is very rare, there is no selection happening, and the population is large enought that drift is negligible. You count the number of tall plants to be 382 and the number of short plants to be 368. What is the genotypic frequency of this generation? What is the allele frequency?

C. Was the original population in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium?

D. Did any evolution occur from one generation to the next?

Assume a population of pea plants consists of 300 TT and 700 tt, with T (tall) dominant to t (short).

A. What are the phenotypic, genotypic, and allele frequencies?

C. Was the original population in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium?

D. Did any evolution occur from one generation to the next?

In a large population of an annual wild pea species, height is controlled by a single locus; DD and Dd individuals are tall, while dd individuals are short. Because the local environment is very windy, tall plants tend to get broken and survive to reproduce only half as well as well as do short plants. Mating is random with respect to height and there is no immigration or emigration. In a population of 21,000 (large enough to be considered infinite for the purposed of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and natural selection models; assume this population size remains constant through the generations described in this question) adult pea plants that successfully reproduce after natural selection through differential survival has occurred, there are 7,000 DD individuals, 7,000 Dd individuals, and 7,000 dd individuals.

a) What will be the frequency of the D allele in the gametes (sperm, in pollen, and ovules) that will unite to make up the next generation?

b) What will be the genotype frequencies of DD, Dd, and dd in the seeds that are formed to start the next generation? How many seeds will there be with each genotype?

c) What will be the genotype frequencies of DD, Dd, and dd in the adults that develop from these seeds and survive to reproduce? How many adults will there be with each genotype?

d) Over a long period of time, what do you expect to happen to the D and d alleles in this population? Why?

Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Gamete, Product Rule, Punnett Square

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