BIO153H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Crepuscular, Sagittal Crest, Capybara

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6 Dec 2013
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Birds: the last of the dinosaurs approximately 10,000 species alive today (largest group within the tetrapods) Respiratory system of birds: the lung volume of a bird is that of a similar sized mammal air sacs, air space in bones, large trachea total volume of the respiratory system. How it works: as the bird breathes in (inspiration. 1), only 25% of the inspired air passes over the lungs; the remaining 75% goes into the posterior air sac. As the bird breathes out (expiration 1), the air sacs get smaller, and the oxygenated air from the posterior sac moves over the lung. The bird breathes in (inspiration 2), which sends fresh air into the posterior sac, and fills the anterior sac with deoxygenated air. Expiration 2 pushes stale air from the anterior sac to the trachea and out; at the same time, oxygenated air from the posterior sac is moving over the lung.

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