ECO 1104 Study Guide - Final Guide: Marginal Utility, Opportunity Cost, Market Economy
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14 Dec 2013
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ECO 1104 Full Course Notes
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Economics: the study of how society manages its scarce resources. 10 principles of economics: first 4 about how people make decisions, next 3 about how people interact with each other and the last 3 about how the economy as a whole works. Tradeoff: what you give up for another thing. Ex: a clean environment and higher incomes. Environment laws reduce pollution but is also a higher cost on firms, thus reducing profit. Efficiency: getting the most out of scare resources. Better decisions are made by recognizing tradeoffs, and their available options. Principle #2: the cost of something is what you give up to get it. Opportunity cost: what must be given up to obtain an item. Principle #3: rational people think at the margin. Rational people: consumers who do the best they can to achieve their goals given the opportunities they have. Marginal changes: small adjustments to an already established plan of action.
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21. The English word that comes from the Greek word for "one who manages a household" is
A- market
B- consumer
C- producer
D- economy
B- should be counted only to the extent that they are more expensive at college than elsewhere. C- usually exceed the opportunity cost of going to college. D- plus the cost of tuition, equals the opportunity cost of going to college. |
B- in most economies, wealthy people consume disproportionate quantities of goods and services. C- governments restrict the production of too many goods and services. D- resources are limited. |
B- markets guiding economic activity. Today many countries that did not have this system have implemented it. C- government guiding economic activity. Today many countries that had this system have abandoned it. D- government guiding economic activity. Today many countries that did not have this system have implemented it. |
B- we should agree with Senator Johnson. C- a good decision requires that we recognize both viewpoints. D- there are no tradeoffs between equity and efficiency. |
B- it does not matter if they charge $10 or $15. C- they would do better charging $15 than $10. D- they should raise the price even more. |
B- helps to explain how the economy is organized. C- incorporates all aspects of the real economy. D- Both (a) and (b) are correct. |
B- households provide firms with labor, land, and capital. C- firms provide households with output. D- firms provide households with profit. |
B- grew rapidly, due to several increases in the minimum wage during those decades. C- grew rapidly, due to government policies that discouraged the importation of foreign products during those decades. D- grew slowly, due to the slow growth of the output of goods and services per hour of U.S. workers' time during those decades. |
Question 30. 30. For economists, statements about the world are of two types: |
A- assumptions and theories.
B- true statements and false statements.
C- specific statements and general statements.
D- positive statements and normative statements.