BIOL 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Exothermic Process, Exergonic Process, Photosynthesis
8 Jan 2014
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Chapter 4: enzymes: enzymes are used to speed up reactions, come from the family of catalysts, phosphates: catalyze removal of phosphate groups, work: move objects in opposing directions, friction, gravity, pressure, push chemical reactions to, energy: ability to do work completion. Laws of thermodynamics study of energy transfer: system: object being studied, surroundings: everything outside of the system, universe: total of the system and surroundings, isolated system: does not exchange energy with surroundings, closed system: exchange energy but not matter, such as earth and sun. Energy transformation increases disorder: each time energy is transformed, it is lost and unavailable for work, usually lost to surroundings, glucose: only 40% of energy is used for metabolism, the increase in randomness in the universe is called entropy, the total disorder of a system and its surroundings always increases, naturally systems move towards entropy, energy transfers not 100% efficient.
