PSYCH 2H03 Lecture Notes - Colorless Green Ideas Sleep Furiously, Phrase Structure Grammar, Cohort Model
12 Jan 2014
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Syntax: rules for constructing words & sentences (grammar) sentence = i saw two dogs phrase = two dogs . I saw 2 dogs : morphemes: smallest unit of meaning ( dog - s ) Phonemes: basic unit; single speech sound (/d/) Speech segmentation: no gaps b/w words, we supply our own boundaries: hearing something out of context = hard to understand. Coarticulation: same sound sounds diff in diff utterances (i. e. /n/ in none vs onion ) Sound: phonological representation arbitrarily connected w/ a meaning & grammatical function. Tip- of- the- tongue (tot) demonstrates the diffs stages of saying a word. Sometimes you know the 1st letter or how many syllables the word has. Some rules: add - ed to make past tense. /d/ after voiced (played, talked) /t/ after unvoiced (walked, typed) /ed/ after alveolars (dented, chatted: english has lots of irregular exceptions: Go- went; sit- sat; run- ran; bring- brought; drink- drank.
