BIO152H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Endomembrane System

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Extensive internal membranes only in photosynthetic species; limited types and numbers of organells. Large numbers of organelles; many types of organelles. In nucleoid (not membrane bound); plasmids also common. Incompatible chemical reactions can be separated: the efficiency of chemical reactions is increased. Protein synthesis and (endomembrane system) receptors for entry of selected proteins sacs processing. Single; contains receptors for products of rough er. Oxidation reactions- enzyme detoxifies hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) by converting it into water and oxygen. Varies coloration, storage of oils, carbohydrates, water or toxins. Double; outer contains enzymes for processing pyruvate; inner contains enzymes for atp production. Thylakoids are stacked into piles called grana- pigments, enzymes, molecular machines that convert light energy into carbs. Carbohydrate fiber running through carbohydrate or protein matrix. Interior of any sac-like structure in a cell or body. Newly manufactured protein undergo folding and other types of processing. Cis side of golgi apparatus is closest to rough er and nucleus.

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