ECON 104 Study Guide - Government Spending, Output Gap

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pucebear934

18 Jan 2014

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Introduction to macroeconomics econ 104a,c,d spring 2012. Worksheet 4 keynesian model of the economy: consider a closed, simple economy (not necessarily at full employment) with no government, characterized by the following equations, (c is consumption, pdi is personal disposable income, and i is investment): Expenditures: using the graph below, graph the consumption function, investment, and aggregate. Red= consumption function green= aggregated expenditures yellow-= investments. Y = income: on the graph, label the point where savings = 0, the point of equilibrium income. Then, derive the values for these using the equations above. So when investment is at 300, savings is also at 300. Since s=i in equilibrium savings is also reduced to 200. New equilibrium savings = 200: now, consider another, more elaborate open economy characterized by the following equations the economy is not necessarily at full employment: (numbers in billions) C = 500 + . 9(pdi) (c is consumption, pdi is y- tx)

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1. In the Keynesian model, suppose that the economy has the following values : C = 100 + 0.75*(Y-T) G = 300 I = 200 NX = 0 T = 200

a) Solve for the level of equilibrium output in this economy.

b) What is the multiplier on government spending? (I want a specific number here, not a definition)

c) Household savings is defined as disposable income minus consumption (Y - T = C). What is the level of household savings in this economy?

blacklouse382

Assume the following values of an economy.

Planned Investment (Ip) = $20

Autonomous Consumption (C ) = $30

Marginal Propensity to consume (MPC) = .9

What is the equilibrium income?

Y* = aggregate demand at the equilibrium level. (Consumption + investment)

Consumption function = autonomous consumption + mpc * Y.

C=30 + .9Y

AD = 30 + .9Y + 20 = 50 + .9Y

Y= 50 + .9Y.1Y = 50

Y = $500 is the equilibrium level of income.

What is the value of saving at equilibrium?

Savings = income - consumption at the equilibrium level of Y=500,

Consumption = 30 +.9 * 500 = $480

Savings = 500 - 480= 20

c. Does the saving and Investment Identity hold true at equilibrium income OR GDP?

Since planned investment = $20 which is equal to savings calculated, the saving investment identity holds true at equilibrium income.

2. In addition to the values given in question (1) above, assume the government increases its spending by $30 without raising taxes. The government can do this by borrowing from the private sector.

a. Based on this information calculate the new level of equilibrium income.

If Government expenditures = $30, Y = C + I + G

Y = 1/1-.09 * (30+20+30) Y = 800

b. Calculate the total value of consumption at equilibrium.

C = 30 + .9(800) = 750

c. Calculate the total value of saving at equilibrium.

Savings = I - C = 800 - 750 = 50

3. In addition to questions in (1 & 2) above, assume the government decides to raise autonomous taxes by $30 to balance its budget.

What is the new value of equilibrium income?

Y = 1/1-.9 (30-.9(30) +20+30) = 530

What is the value of the autonomous tax multiplier?

-.09/.01 = -9

c. What is the value of autonomous spending multiplier?

1/.1 = 10

ochrewildebeest111

Given the following information for the Macro Economy answer the following questions.

In this economy we have an MPC equal to 0.80, Autonomous Consumption of $600 billion, Planned Investment (I) of $1,000 billion, Government Spending (G) of $1,200 billion and Net Taxes (T) of $1,000 billion.

a) Fill in the missing data for: T, Yd, C, S, and AE (in that order in a table) for every level of Y given below (all the numbers are in billions).

Income (Y) Net Taxes (T) Disposable Income (Yd) Consumption (C) Savings (S) Aggregate Expenditures (AE)
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
12,000
13,000

b) Determine the Equilibrium level of Aggregate Income (Ye). Please state the reason for your answer.

c) Calculate the Spending Multiplier (show how you got your answer).

d) State in one sentence what your answer in (c) above tells us about any decrease in spending that takes place in the economy.

e) If this economy had a full employment level of income equal to $8,000 billion, what Macroeconomic condition is this economy experiencing.

f) Using the Spending Multiplier, determine the change in G that is needed to get this economy to be in equilibrium at full employment. Please show your work.

g) Using the Spending Multiplier, determine the change in T that is needed to get this economy to be in equilibrium at full employment. Please show your work.

cerisesnake32

ECON 104 Study Guide - Government Spending, Output Gap

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