BIOLOGY 1M03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 27: Common Descent, Chapter 27, Hybrid Zone

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Hybrid zone: an evolutionary neutral area where hybrids co-exist. Phylogenic trees document the evolutionary relationships among organisms and are estimated form data. Adaptive radiations are a major pattern in the history of life. They are instances od rapid diversification associated with new ecological opportunities and new morphological innovations. We have to infer or estimate phylogenies. The statistical analysis estimates the separation of taxon"s. A distance matrix compares how different the sequence the individuals are. A branch represents a population through time. A point where two branches diverge is called a node. A tip or terminal node is the end point of a branch, which represents groups (a species or larger taxon) that is living today or ended in extinction. Phylogenetic trees are effective way of summarizing data on the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. The genealogical relationships of a species cannot be definitively known. To infer historical relationships between organisms, researchers analyze morphological or genetic characteristics of species.

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