SOC222H5 Lecture Notes - Significant Figures, Data Analysis, Dependent And Independent Variables
Document Summary
Statistics: are mathematical procedures that allow you to draw conclusions about your data. All squared #"s are positive: -3^2 = 9. Also check summation rules: add up everything after this sign. What is level of measurement: ratio: counts or quantities. Meaningful zero (zero= means none: ^ math: add, subtract, multiply, divide (arithmetic) Compare: are the two number same or different: ordinal: relative quantities, math^ Rank order: they just represent relative amounts of something. A bigger # rep. there is more of it. A smaller number means there is less of it. divide into categories and compare the categories with one another, example worker, manager, boss. Ordinals numbers are limiting in comparison to ratio numbers: nominal: Jewish:1, hindo:2, islam:3: there is no significance behind ordering, math^ Cannot arithmetic: add, sub, x, : dichotomy. Only two categories: example: male or female, profit or non-profit. Can be simplifications: simplified form of more complex issues: math^:
