CHY 205 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Atp Hydrolysis, Gibbs Free Energy, Oxidative Phosphorylation
20 Feb 2014
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Document Summary
Metabolism means obtaining chemical energy, converting nutrients into cells" own molecules, polymerizing precursors into macromolecules, synthesizing & degrading specialized biomolecules, involves hundreds of enzyme-catalyzed rxns, conserves central metabolic pathways and is highly coordinated. Cycle between autotrophs and heterotrophs is the biosphere c & o cycle: autotrophs get c from a sole source (atmospheric co2), some get n from sole source (atm n2), many obtain. E from sunlight, photosynthesis and all of them can generate o2. Heterotrophs get c from complex organic molecules, obtain e from degradation of organic nutrients, they can consume & generate o2. 4x10^11 metric tons of c are turned over annually. Biosphere c & o cycle, there is a unidirectional flow of energy starting from the sun to autotrophs to heterotrophs, etc. Sources of n (n2(g) is 80% of our atm): the biosphere n cycle=n and its sources are req for synthesis of aa, nucleotides & other compounds.
