CHM136H1 Lecture : Organic_1_6.1ed_2012_03rd_module_resonance_arrows_and_acid-base.pdf
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CHM136H1 Full Course Notes
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Properly use curved arrows to draw resonance structures: the tail and the head of every arrow must be drawn in exactly the proper location. The tail shows where the electrons are coming from, and the head shows where the electrons are going. When drawing resonance structures: avoid breaking a sigma bond; never exceed an octet for second-row elements; recognize and properly notate formal charges. Define terms resonance , resonance stabilization , delocalization and resonance hybrid . Be able to identify allylic and vinylic positions in a molecule. Also identify delocalized lone pairs, including allylic, and differentiate them from localized lone pairs. Identify lone pairs that appear to be allylic, however they are not delocalized because of the geometry of their orbitals. Define bronsted-lowry acids (proton donors) and bases (proton acceptors); conjugate acids and conjugate bases. Bronsted-lowry acids are all protic: have an ionizable proton. Be able to draw a conjugate base for any acid and conjugate acid for any base.
