PSY 2110 Chapter Notes -Pluralistic Ignorance, Biological Determinism, Social Exchange Theory
23 Feb 2014
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In the case of an emergency, bystanders may or may not respond in a prosocial (helpful action that benefits others without necessarily benefiting the person performing the act, and may involve a risk for them) manner. (heroism to apathy) Partially due to diffusion of responsibility (idea that responsibility of doing something is spread amongst all the bystanders). The bystander effect (time/help in emergency effected by number of bystanders present). Implicit bystander effect - the more bystanders, the less likely help will be administered/the longer it will take. Whether or not the bystander helps depends on five steps: Bystander must be paying attention/be aware of unusual event. Pluralistic ignorance (assuming that whatever is going on is normal, as opposed to there being something wrong) can impede this. Have the required skills and knowledge to act. Social exchange theory (interactions between individuals, where one aims to max rewards, min costs) might affect this.
