BIOL 3096 Chapter Notes -Stomach Cancer, Testicular Cancer, Metastasis

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December 2, 2013 (definition): caspases, or cysteine-aspartic proteases or cysteine-dependent aspartate-directed proteases are a family of cysteine proteases that play essential roles in apoptosis (programmed cell death), necrosis, and inflammation. Caspases are essential in cells for apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in development and most other stages of adult life, and have been termed executioner proteins for their roles in the cell. Some caspases are also required in the immune system for the maturation of lymphocytes. Failure of apoptosis is one of the main contributions to tumor development and autoimmune diseases; this, coupled with the unwanted apoptosis that occurs with ischemia or. Alzheimer"s disease, has stimulated interest in caspases as potential therapeutic targets since they were discovered in the mid-1990s. Apoptosis in development: retinal ganglion cells project into the brain, but if they do not form active synapses, i. e. they don"t go into the right area of the brain, the neurons die.

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