ARH305H1 Lecture Notes - Experimental Archaeology, Stone Tool, Uniformitarianism
Document Summary
How science works: most archaeologists follow (more or less) the hypothetico-deductive method (h-d). Observation - find patterns that underlie: 2. Arguing from specific cases to generalities: 3. Deduction - arguing from generalities to specific predicitons (if then: 4. Making more observations of real world to see if deduced predictions are confirmed. We should find large quantities of traded salt in other cases where states formed: 2. Trade of salt should be found in contexts of high value - prestige (accompanying high status burials: testing: long distance salt trade is not found in other cases of state formation but long distance trade is. Multiple working hypotheses: when observation leads to induction of more than one hypothesis, observation: nunamiut base camps have high frequency of mui bones, hypothesis: 1. Differential transport from kill site to base camp (take mainly high mui bones to base and leave remainders behind: hypothesis: 2.
