BIOCHEM 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Solvent, Electronegativity, Benzene
6 Mar 2014
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Biochemistry 2ee3 lecture 2: system: part of universe, open, closed, cells have membranes which are like walls, but is an open system that allows things to pass in, surroundings: rest of universe. In most cells, volume does not change, therefore cells are highly resistant to pressure changes, and q is almost equal to zero and is practically equal to h: spontaneous: occur without input of energy, ex. Diffusion of gas: system wants to increase entropy (degree of randomness, boltzmann constant is number of energetically equivalent ways of arranging components of system, we estimate change in number of ways of energetically equivalent ways. Therefore we measure changes in entropy, not absolute values of entropy: second law of thermodynamics: entropy wants to increase. This is a ratio due to lack of knowledge of concentrations: does not tell us how often ea switches. Two protons, two acceptors due to two lone pairs in oxygen.
