CHEM 1E03 Chapter Notes -Standard Molar Entropy, Gibbs Free Energy, Boltzmann Constant

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 1E03
• Professor: Weisner

Document Summary

1st law just keeps track of energy. There is a natural direction of physical & chemical processes not explained by the 1st law. Heat flows from a hot body (on the right) to a cold. The reverse of this process is never seen though it is allowed by the 1st law. T1 increases & t2 decreases until the two systems achieve the same temperature thermal equilibrium. Heat never flows the other way, though the 1st law. Methanol & water are miscible - they spontaneously form a solution - a more disordered state when added together. Nacl(s) dissolves spontaneously when added to water - the resulting solution is more disordered than solid salt + water. Though these examples include energy considerations, they illustrate that increasing disorder is a driving force causing some processes to proceed, while prohibiting the reverse. Spontaneous mixing of two ideal gases is the best illustration.