CAS BI 108 Study Guide - Signal Transduction, Non-Competitive Inhibition, Competitive Inhibition
Document Summary
In metabolic pathways the product of one reaction is the reactant for the next. Each reaction is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. The amount of enzyme activity is controlled by the regulation of the gene expression. Signal transduction pathways end with gene expression and genes are switched on/off to encode enzymes. Control by activating or inactivating existing enzymes. Inhibitors can bind to enzymes and slow down the rates of the reaction. Naturally occurring inhibitors regulate metabolism; artificial ones for disease, killing pests. Removal of a natural reversible inhibitor increases an enzymes rate of catalysis. Irreversible inhibition: when inhibitor covalently binds to certain side chains on the active site, it will permanently inactive the enzyme so it cant interact with the substrate. Reversible inhibitions: inhibitor is similar to enzymes natural substrate and can bind noncovalently to active site, so the natural substrate cannot enter the active site.