BIO SCI 97 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Uracil, Chromosome, Dihybrid Cross
12 Mar 2014
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Pyrimidines: thymine (double bond), cytosine (triple bond), uracil. Central dogma of genetics: dna -> transcription -> rna -> translation > protein. The genetic code has 64 codons (4^3), 61 of which code for amino acids and 3 for stop codons. Reciprocal cross: to test cross alleles on both sexes of parents. Test cross: to cross an unknown genotype individual with a homozygous recessive phenotype. Mendel"s law of segregation: alleles segregate independently into gametes. Independent assortment: genes assort independently of other genes into gametes. Autosomal dominant: children must"ve inherited the disease from a parent who had the phenotype of the disease. Autosomal recessive: children appear to inherit the disease even though the parent"s do not demonstrate the phenotype. Degrees of freedom: (# of phenotype/genotype classes) 1. If p
