NUTR 344 Chapter Notes -Vascular Smooth Muscle, Ascending Limb Of Loop Of Henle, Proximal Tubule
12 Mar 2014
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
It appears, then, that sodium intake that exceeds 50 to 100 mmol per day is necessary but not sufficient for the development of primary hypertension. Hypertension affects less than 1% of people in isolated societies but approximately one third of adults in industrialized countries. Potassium restriction causes a deficit in cellular potassium that triggers cells to gain sodium in order to maintain their tonicity and volume. Subsequent studies in rats showed that the pressor effect of potassium depletion requires abundant consumption of sodium chloride (e. g. , 4. 5 g of sodium chloride per 100. 0 g of dietary intake). Potassium supplementation can reduce the need for antihypertensive medication. Dietary potassium has been shown to exert a powerful, dose-dependent inhibitory effect on sodium sensitivity. An increase in dietary potassium can even abolish sodium sensitivity in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Human kidneys are poised to conserve sodium (via aldosterone= retention->excress ecf and plasma volume but. Not blood volume in primary htn) and excrete potassium.
