PHIL 120 Lecture 4: Week 4.docx
Document Summary
Week 4: chapter 7 section 1 (categorical statements) Intro: categorical syllogisms express relationships between three classes of things. The statements in the argument are called categorical statement. Whiskers: predicate if the immediately obvious, has to add things or anything of equivalent predicate is not. Pure forms (4 types: universal affirmative (ua) all s are p: the entire membership of the subject class is included within the predicate class. It affirms something about all members of s: universal negative (un) no s are p: the entire membership of the subject class is excluded from the predicate class. It denies something about all members of s: particular affirmative (pa) - some s are p: at least one member of the subject class is included within the predicate class. It affirms something about only a portion of the membership of s: particular negative (pn) some s are not p: at least one member of the subject class is excluded from the predicate class.
