CHEM 181 Lecture Notes - Lactase, Starch, Cellulose
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CHEM 181 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Macronutrients: carbohydrates, fats and proteins, based on a ~2000 calorie diet, fat: 65 g/day, protein: 60 g/day, carbohydrates: 240 g/day, sugar: 50 g/day, today americans consume ~2300 calories/day/person, trends in the past 40 years, dairy and fruits are roughly constant, fats and oils are increasing rapidly. Sucrose: carbohydrates give us energy, stereochemistry: the branch of chemistry concerned with the three dimensional arrangement of atoms and molecules and the effect of this on chemical reactions, cellulose and starch are made up of the same glucose units, just arranged differently, we can digest starch but not cellulose, when carbohydrates oxidize, it gives you the same number of atoms but in a rearranged form, which gives you energy, sucrose=sugar, c12h22o11, c12(h2o)11. Carbo(hydrate: worth 4 calories/gram, made of glucose and fructose, when the bond of a disaccharide is broken, and it is converted to 2 monosaccharides, it is done by an enzyme called invertase, ase = signifies an enzyme, invert sugar is created.
