BIOCHEM 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Pulmonary Surfactant, Glycerophospholipid, Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine

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pearyellowjacket704

17 Mar 2014

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Lipid: biomolecule that is soluble in organic solvents. Classes of lipids include fats, oils, nonprotein membrane components and certain vitamins and hormones: unlike proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, lipids are not polymers, they do, however, have great structural variety. Functions of lipids: components of biological membranes, energy reserve, signaling molecules. Classi cations of lipids, based on their chemical structure: fatty acids, triacylglycerols, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, steroids. Fatty acids: carboxylic acids with long-chain hydrocarbon groups: stearic acid: ho-c(o)-(ch2)16-ch3 --> 18 carbons, saturated, oleic acid: 18 carbons, unsaturated 9-10 bond, linoleic acid: 2 unsaturated double bonds, unsaturated fatty acids pack together less tightly than saturated ones. Triacylglycerols: most abundant class of lipids - not components of biomembranes: synthesized and stored in adipocytes - fat cells, the long term energy deposit of animals, fat content of normal humans (21% men. 26% female) allow up to 3 months of starvation survival. Spingolipids: derivatives of sphingosine and a fatty acid residue and saccharide.

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BIOCHEM 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Pulmonary Surfactant, Glycerophospholipid, Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine

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