Biology 2382B Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Response Element, G Protein, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate
Document Summary
Basic elements of cell signaling: signal or signaling molecule. Small molecules, growth factors, cytokines (proteins: receptors. G proteins, protein kinases and phosphatases, etc: second messengers. Hormone binds to lbd causing inhibitor to fall off and allow dimerization. Allows dbd to bind to response element to help recruit transcription factors. 2. two cells close together; one producing signal and other cell responds to it (nerve cells) 4. direct contact; production of protein, binds to other cell (physically binding) Lipid-soluble(steroid) hormones bind to intracellular receptors which constitute the nuclear-receptor superfamily of transcription factors. Can act slowly or rapidly to change the behavior of a target cell. Ligand receptor interactions -ligand binding to a receptor usually can be viewed as a simple reversible reaction. How to figure out what the ligand receptor is. Take cdna expression line and integrate into nonresponsive cell. The receptor protein can be deduced from the cdna sequence. Regulation of protein activity by a kinase/phosphatase switch.