Biology 1201A Lecture Notes - Carl Linnaeus, Kinetic Theory Of Gases, Karl Popper

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copperscorpion477

11 Nov 2011

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They had to chase after their prey. Faster cheetahs survived and produced more offspring. They moved from a high density forest to flat lands and had to run faster. They had to compete with bigger and stronger animals for their prey. Common vernacular: an untested idea or opinion; speculation. Scientific definition: an explanation of a set of natural phenomena, based upon proven or testable hypotheses and observations; theory tries to explain what we observe in nature based on testable concepts. Examples: theory of continental drift pangaea, kinetic molecular theory, theory of relativity, the big bang theory , theory of panspermia. Verifiability true verification would require a positive result in every instance; has to be good, testable, and tests must be able to prove theory wrong (theory you can"t prove wrong isn"t as strongly supported by evidence) Fallibility only when a theory could be wrong is it impressive that it survives testing and criticism karl popper.

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3. What are the key differences between a scientific hypothesisand a scientific theory according to the lecture? Choose from thefollowing:
a. [A hypothesis turns into a theory after very close scrutiny andacceptance by the scientific community.]
b. [A theory is an accumulation of many well-proven andwell-accepted hypotheses that explain why phenomenon occurs.]
c. [A hypothesis and a theory mean essentially the same thing inthe sciences. One is just slightly more proven than the other.]

4. What are the key differences between a scientific theory anda scientific law/principle according to the lecture? Choose fromthe following:
a. [A law explains the process of a phenomenon, but not why itoccurs like a theory does.]
b. [Laws are always correct and to the point. Theories aregenerally ideas that can be proven wrong.]
c. [Laws can explain why a phenomenon occurs, unlike a theory.]

5. According to the lecture, what energy source is Earth usingprimarily for its internal processes?
a. [Interior heat]
b. [Geothermal energy]
c. [Solar energy]
d. [Radioactive Decay]
e. [Magma]

6. According to the lecture, what energy source is Earth usingprimarily for its external/surficial processes?
a. [Interior heat]
b. [Geothermal energy]
c. [Solar energy]
d. [Radioactive Decay]
e. [Magma]

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What is the statement for the Theory of Evolution, and does this statement include a description of the evolution of humans or other organisms? If you answer is no, then explain 1) how the Theory of Evolution is related to evolutionary lineages of humans and other organisms and 2) why it is appropriate to teach the Theory of Evolution. If your answer is yes, then 1) provide the definition of a Scientific Theory (as provided in lecture) versus hypothesis and 2) analyze the evidence supporting or refuting both the Theory of Evolution and the evolution of humans or other organisms.

During his five-week voyage to the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed that several closely related species of finches had slightly different beak structures, which favoured the use of different food sources. Based on this one observation, could you prove or disprove Darwinâs or Lamarckâs theory of evolution? Would Lamarck have been able to use this observation to support his own theory of evolution by use and disuse? What evidence would need to be observed in order to decide which theory was more accurate?

Biology 1201A Lecture Notes - Carl Linnaeus, Kinetic Theory Of Gases, Karl Popper

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