HLTC22H3 Chapter 3: Chapter 3 Textbook Notes

77 views5 pages

crimsondolphin81

9 Dec 2010

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Rowe and kahn specify that successful aging consists of good physical and mental health, as well as good social functioning. Chaos theory shows how initially small changes can result in very large differences between systems or individuals. The maximum lifespan of a human is about 120 years, whereas that of a fruit fly is about 30 days. In general, life spans appear to be inversely related to various factors such as metabolic rate, length of time to maturation (especially sexual maturity), and response to stress. The death gene a gene that regulates sudden cell death, a process that is also called apoptosis. Apoptosis is one mechanism for the destruction of cells that have proliferated for specific purposes, such as t- cells in the immune system, and need to be destroyed after having accomplished their task. The number of times a cell replicates may also be directly controlled by genes. Aging may be a function of random (or stochastic) errors.

Related Questions

QUESTION 26

Age 65 has come to be considered the onset of old age in the U.S. because:

	a.	This is when most older adults find their abilities diminishing
	b.	At age 65, physical appearance makes it evident that a person is old
	c.	This is the age identified in Social Security and Medicare at the time these were enacted
	d.	This is the age at which life expectancy diminishes most rapidly

1 points

QUESTION 27

The concept of "dependency ratios" has been criticized because:

		Individual differences in needs as well as differences in aging and activity choices make it difficult to ascertain which generation depends on which other generations.
		Very few older adults ever rely on younger individuals for support and assistance
		The most dependent generation may well be young adults
		It is common knowledge that older adults are dependent on younger individuals

1 points

QUESTION 28

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the purpose of theory in understanding aging?

	a.	Theories attempt to explai what we observe in empirical research or practice
	b.	A goal is to consolidate practice around a simple set of principles
	c.	Theories resolve disputes about the nature of reality and definitions of aging
	d.	The most important purpose is to reduce apparently complex phenomena to a few basic factors

1 points

QUESTION 29

Explanations that focus on the situations and problems that accumulate during the life span and cannot be understood separate from developmental experiences are considered to reflect:

	a.	The aged
	b.	Aging
	c.	Age
	d.	The meaning of life

1 points

QUESTION 30

Early theories of aging, described later life as a:

	a.	Problem
	b.	normal, welcomed stage of life
	c.	rare and unique process
	d.	Too idiosyncratic for generalized description

1 points

QUESTION 31

Theories that explain aging as resulting from the accumulation of "insults" from the environment, which eventually reach a level incompatible with life are labeled:

	a.	Sociocultural theories
	b.	Selective optimization with compensation
	c.	Model of Human Occupation
	d.	Stochastic theories

1 points

QUESTION 32

Psychological theories of aging seek to explain

	a.	Reasons for the emergence of mental disorders in late life
	b.	Why older individuals are likely to be pessimistic
	c.	Relationships among older and younger individuals
	d.	The multiple changes in individual behavior in late life

1 points

QUESTION 33

It is now believed that neurological theories of aging that focus on decline in neurological functioning may be:

	a.	Too optimistic
	b.	Lacking in clarity
	c.	Too pessimistic
	d.	Too limited

1 points

QUESTION 34

In the theory of Selective Optimization with Compensation, "optimization" refers to the idea that:

	a.	People engage in behaviors that augment or enrich their general reserves and maximize their chosen life courses
	b.	People make efforts in middle age to accumulate needed resources to ensure successful aging
	c.	Changing biological and psychological factors that enhance the abilities of older adults in memory and problem solving
	d.	Political initiatives that reduce stigma associated with later life

1 points

QUESTION 35

Mrs. Adams, an 87 year-old widow, has begun to distance herself from some of her extended family members. At the same time, she spends increasing time with her adult children, grandchildren, and some of her close neighbors. This would be an example of:

	a.	The Model of Human Occupation
	b.	Evolutionary Theory
	c.	Cognition and Aging theories
	d.	Socioemotional Selectivity Theory

1 points

QUESTION 36

A theory of particular relevance to occupational and physical therapy is:

	a.	Theory of Free Radicals
	b.	Systems theory of motor control
	c.	Stochastic theories
	d.

1 points

QUESTION 37

Theory is important to therapeutic decisions as a way to:

	a.	Reduce the therapist's need to address individual differences
	b.	Guide decisions about evaluation and intervention
	c.	Minimize the idea of complexity in understanding older adults
	d.	Clearly identify the specific evaluation instruments to be used

Differential gene expression and apoptosis are key processes indevelopment because they _____.

	have provided theories as to how cellsspecialize and proliferate
	have provided hypotheses on mechanisms inwhich gene activation controls cell death and apoptosis promotescell division
	provide a plausible explanation as to howcontrolled DNA replication controls cell death in a regulatedfashion
	offer an explanation as to howtranscription controls development and how loss of specific cellscan facilitate formation of mature organs

amaranthpig755

In terms of genetics, metabolism, and ecological relationships, describe the process of human co-evolution with microbiome species and at least 1 example in which they accelerated our evolution. Emphasize microbial partnerships and mechanisms with our general physiology, immune system, and nervous system.

HLTC22H3 Chapter 3: Chapter 3 Textbook Notes

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

HLTC22H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Mitochondrion, Camilo Pascual, Apoptosis

HLTC22H3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Belmont Report, Brain Death, Province Of Canada

HLTC22H3 Lecture Notes - Lanolin, Prevalence, Dynamical System

Related Questions