BIOL241 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Dendrochronology, Photon, Accessory Pigment

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Chapter 4: roots stems and leaves: the primary plant body. Key functions: water absorption, mineral absorption, anchor also produce horomone, secondary metabolites, regulate growth, storage. Adventitious roots arise from stem, not radicle (dies) Good for plants that grow each year or need water in dry areas. Root structure: grows from tip down in retrograde manner (matures up but penetrates down) Zone of cell division: ram and primary. Zone of elongation: derrivatives begin to elongate. Zone of maturation: where derivatives specialize: root hairs begin here. Root cap: protect meristem, produce mucigel, has gravity sensing starch (amyloplast) Root hair: main area of absorption, die as maturation zone gets deeper, and new develop. Ground and vascular tissue: stele: central cylinder of root, protostele: most common type of stele. Common in epiphytes (plants that rely on other plants for support) Provide oxygen when it is lacking (air roots) Parasitic roots (plants that rely on others for nutrients)

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