BMS 420 Lecture Notes - Ejection Fraction, Collagen, Arteriole

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3 Apr 2014
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Venules do not have continuous vascular smooth muscle, but they do have some segments. Lower compliance more pressure generated per unit volume. Vascular smooth muscle cells proliferate and migrate to intima. Foam cells appear when vsmc and macrophages take up lipids. 75% of cross-sectional area see symptoms while sitting (passive) Ldl cholesterol accumulates between the endothelium and connective tissue and is oxidizied. Smooth muscle cells, attracted by macrophage cytokines, begin to divide and take up cholesterol. Fibrous scar tissue cap forms to wall off the lipid core. Smooth muscle cells divide and contribute to thickening of the intima. Platelets that are exposed to collagen activate and initiate a blood clot. Macrophages may release enzymes that dissolve collagen and convert stable plaques to unstable plaques. Smoking may thicken young arteries: 9 20 year olds; smoked at least once a week; thicker carotid arteries. Renal denervation aids in chf (congestive heart failure) and in systemic hypertension (30/10 mm hg reductions).

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