BMS 420 Lecture Notes - Asthma, Bronchiole, Pulmonary Edema
Document Summary
Carbon monoxide is particularly soluble at low partial pressure because of the huge affinity for hemoglobin. Oxygen solubility in general is higher at the lower partial pressures. (in normal individuals, the occupation of hemoglobin with carbon monoxide is about 1 2%; in smokers or individuals in large cities, the amount may be 10%). Hg (carboxyhemoglobin) at low partial pressure (200 times higher affinity compared to oxygen) makes carbon monoxide poisoning all too common. Right shift with lower ph, higher temperature, greater pco2, greater amount of 2,3-dpg. Typical causes: high altitude; alveolar hypoventilation; decreased lung diffusion capacity; abnormal ventilation-perfusion ratio. Decreased total amount of o2 bound to hemoglobin. Typical causes: blood loss; anemia (low [hb] or altered hbo2 binding); carbon monoxide poisoning. Typical causes: heart failure (whole body hypoxia); shock (peripheral hypoxia); thrombosis (hypoxia in a single organ) Failure of cells to use o2 because cells have been poisoned. Emphysema: destruction of alveoli reduces surface area for gas exchange.
