PSYC32H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Neocortex, Homeostasis, Red Nucleus
Document Summary
Alcohol and various other drugs which cross the placental barrier can directly affect the fetus. Fetal alcohol syndrome, which can cause serious cognitive difficulties, is directly related to alcohol consumption: studies have shown that increased stress levels raise the amount of cortisol in the body. Cortisol is a steroid hormone released by the adrenal cortex which elevates blood sugar and metabolism and helps the body adapt to prolonged stress. However, excess cortisol for too long a period of time may lead to the depression of the immune system and leave the individual vulnerable to various illnesses. Shaken baby syndrome may result from physical abuse and can lead to traumatic brain injury. Emotional abuse to the mother may lead her to neglect herself and fail to care for her physical needs. Lack of care of the mother while pregnant could greatly affect the child and also cause neglect of any other children.
