BLG 10A/B Study Guide - Fluid Balance, Heart Failure, Angiotensin
13 Apr 2014
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Document Summary
The most abundant solutes: have greater osmotic power than nonelectrolytes, contribute to fluid shifts. Extracellular and intracellular fluids: each fluid compartment has a distinctive pattern of electrolytes, ecf, major cation: na, major anion: cl . Low na+ and cl : major cation: k, major anion hpo4. Fluid movement among compartments: regulated by osmotic and hydrostatic pressures, water moves freely by osmosis, change in solute concentration of any compartment leads to net water flow. Thirst mechanism is the driving force for water intake. The hypothalamic thirst center osmoreceptors are stimulated by increased plasma osmolality: angiotensin ii or baroreceptor input, dry mouth, substantial decrease in blood volume or pressure. Regulation of water output: influence of adh: water reabsorption in collecting ducts is proportional to adh release. Adh dilute urine and volume of body fluids. Disorders of water balance: edema: atypical accumulation of if fluid tissue swelling, due to anything that increases flow of fluid out of the blood or hinders its return.
