BIOC 2300 Study Guide - Final Guide: Sickle-Cell Disease, Neuroglobin, Molecular Evolution
19 Apr 2014
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Peptides are less structurally complex than larger protein molecules but they still have significant biological activities. Ex: glutathione is a tripeptide found in almost all organisms and is involved in protein and dna synthesis, toxic substance metabolism, and amino acid transport. Vasopressin = antidiuretic hormone that regulates water balance, appetite, and body temperature. Oxytocin = peptide that aids in uterine contraction and lactation. Of all the molecules in a living organism, proteins have the most diverse set of functions: catalysis catalytic proteins = enzymes. Serve to accelerate biochemical reactions: structure structural proteins (cell and organismal, movement proteins that comprise the cytoskeleton are involved in cell movement. Transport many proteins function as carriers of molecules/ions across membrane or between cells: storage certain proteins serve as a reservoir of essential nutrients. Ex: ovalbumin in bird eggs: stress response capacity of organisms to survive a variety of abiotic stresses is mediated by certain proteins.
