ESP 1101 Lecture Notes - Codex Calixtinus, Alfonso Viii Of Castile, Indulgence
21 Apr 2014
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813 discovery of st. james (bones) in compostela. Muslim civil war between berbers and arabs in al-andalus. 1086 almoravids and almohads arrive from africa to help stem reconquista. 1212 turning point: christian victory at navas de tolosa. The latin idea of a holy war against islam, which led to the first crusade (1095), emerged from the struggle to reconquer spain that started after 711. 813 bishop theodomir discovers tomb of st. james in compstela. According to the legend, st. james was beheaded in 42 ad. His disciples took the headless body and transported it in a boat to galicia. The rock to which the boat was moored is preserved in the cathedral. Charlemagne, liberator of the camino was the foremost advocate of the pilgrimage (book iv of the codex calixtinus, attributed to turpin, archbishop of rheims) 1063 army of french knights assaults the fortress of barbastro in zaragoza.
