Biology 2382B Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Apoptosis, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate, Intracellular Receptor
22 Apr 2014
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Lecture 9: basic principles of cell signaling and gpcr system. Learning objectives: basic elements of cell signaling, signaling through intracellular receptors, signaling through cell-surface receptors, g protein coupled receptor system. Gpcr, g proteins, types of ga, effectors, second messengers. Signal transduction: conversion of a signal into another. What stimulates signal transduction: involves chemical stimuli i. e. growth factors, cytokines, hormones, ecm, neurotransmitters and physical stimuli i. e. light, sound, etc. Very important - incredibly hot area; over 300,000 papers published. All aspects of normal development & physiology from birth to death. Some of the players not an exhaustive list: receptor tyrosine kinases (rtks, g-protein coupled receptors (gpcrs) A signal is a molecule either a ligand or primary messenger. I. e. small molecules, hormones, small peptide (epinephrine, acetylcholine, steroids), peptide hormones, monoamines etc. In many signal pathways, there are middlemen involved between the signal and the response besides just the receptor. In a sequential series trigger the ultimate response in the cell.
