BIOL 1010 Lecture Notes - Peptidoglycan, Extremophile, Archaea

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May have one or two or many or on both ends. Moves in spiral motion, like a propeller. Some produce endospores eg. bacillus anthracis (anthrax) Have thick, impervious coat to protect them. Occur if cans are not sterilized properly. Lecture 05 slide 12 - agar substance with blood for nutrients. Three common cell shapes: cocci - spherical, bacilli - rod-shaped, spirals - curved cells, vibrios - comma-shaped, spirilla - rigid helices (plural; helix - singular, spirochaetes - longer, flexible helices. Average size ranges from 1 - 10 micrometer. Total biomass of prokaryotes 10 times of all eukaryotes. Need a source of energy and carbon. Uses light or chemical energy like plants eg. inorganic source: sulfur, iron or nitrogen compounds. Organic molecules contain hydrogen and oxygen eg. sugars, lipids, cho, amino acids, etc carbon dioxide. Most disease-causing prokaryotes are in the chemoheterotrophs category. Archaea has histone proteins associated with dna; all eukarya has histone proteins.

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