CIVE 2004 Lecture Notes - Mario Santana, British Association For Immediate Care, Ink
6 May 2014
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Document Summary
The art and science of determining the position of points near the surface of the earth. 2d (plane) & 3d (topographic: applications: property, construction, engineering, geomatics. The surface of the earth is considered to be a plane for all x and y dimensions. The earth is considered to be a 3d ellipsoid for x and. 4 field surveying: topographic surveys, hydrographic surveys, route surveys, property surveys, aerial surveys, construction surveys, final (as-built) surveys. Hand survey & traditional tools (theodolithe, level, etc) Surveying: principles and applications - read page 11. Measure the height of distant points in relation to a bench mark (a point for which the height above sea level is accurately known). http://www. britannica. com/ebchecked/topic/575453/surveyors-level. Precision: depending on surveyor, an distance to rod. Robustness: excellent, but sun light might a(cid:31)ect readings. Price: accessible - sustainable in long term use for leveling grounds.
