BIO 181 Lecture Notes - Atp Hydrolysis, Endergonic Reaction, Oxidative Phosphorylation
Document Summary
Atp can phosphorylate donate phosphate groups to other molecules. Adp + p_i + free energy -> atp + h_20. Formation and hydrolysis of atp couples exergonic and endergonic reactions. Atp generation and use is couples: respiration, fermentation, photosynthesis. Formed through metabolic pathways: one reaction is reactant for the next, each reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme. Some reactions are slow because of an energy barrier: activation energy: the amount of energy required to start a reaction. Changes the reactants into unstable forms with higher fre energy: transition state intermediates. Can come from heating the system: the reactants have more kintetic energy. Enzymes lower the energy barrier by bringing the reactants together. Speed up reactions by lowering activation energy. Do not change energy released (don"t absorb any energy) Overall reaction that builds complex molecules requires an input of free energy for the reaction to occur. The overall reaction that occurs when complex molecules break down releases free energy.
