Chemistry 1027A/B Lecture Notes - Isomerization, Activation Energy, Enzyme
18 May 2014
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Act on only 1 or a few ligands (called substrates) Substrate: the molecule on which an enzyme acts. Enzymes carry out a limited number of chem. rxns because it is very specific. Types of chem. rxns carried out by enzymes. Part of the enzyme where the rxn takes place. Small part of the enzyme surface (5% or less) Often a cleft or crevice between 2 domains or subunits. Enzyme + substrate enzyme substrate complex enzyme product complex enzyme + product. Transition state: the state corresponding to the highest energy along the rxn coordinate. At this point, assuming a perfectly irreversible rxn, colliding reactant molecules will always go on to form products: an intermediate form between reactants and product, a transient, high-energy state, a form different from both reactant and product. Factors that contribute towards attaining the transition state are: bringing substrates together, orienting substrates in a favourable geometry, supplying proton/electron donors/acceptors, excluding water, stressing the substrate physically or electronically.
