Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Currawong, Jash, Parental Investment

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Dabbling ducks increase nest defense against after partial clutch loss http://tinyurl. com/o6sp9mz. The length of incubation in relation to nest initiation date and clutch size in dabbling ducks http://tinyurl. com/k6om8aa. Ringelman km, stupaczuk mj (2013) dabbling ducks increase nest defense after partial clutch loss. This study was aimed at observing incubation patterns of dabbling ducks after partial depredation of nests not abandoned and using these results to determine changes in their parental investment strategy. Nest predation is the primary source of mortality of dabbling duck nests, therefore higher nest attendance is considered to be a good measure of nest defense. The nests observed were subject to depredation causing partial loss of clutch size. The authors hypothesized that female waterfowls were expected to decrease parental investment pertinent to the expected-benefits hypothesis due to decrease in benefits. Increase in parental investment applies to the skutch hypothesis and thermal- inertia hypothesis.

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