BMS 360 Lecture Notes - Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Circulation, Cardiovascular Disease

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lemondog142

22 May 2014

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Understand that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the us. Understand what hypertension is and what the pathophysiological consequences of the disease are. Be able to describe what atherosclerosis is and understand the pathophysiological consequences of the disease. Be able to identify common risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Diseases of the cardiovascular system account for over 40% of all deaths in the us. Deaths due to total cardiovascular, lung, and blood disease: 43. 4% Inability of the heart to adequately deliver blood to the body. Blood backs up in the venous system and pulmonary circulation. Affects nearly 5 million americans (2% of the population) Secondary related to atherosclerosis, hypertension, etc. (very common) Involves thickening of the ventricular (usually left) and septal walls. Systolic function is normal but diastolic relaxation impaired. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young people. Loss of endothelial derived factors or impairment of their signaling pathways.

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An important aspect of this qustion is relatively the need to understand the Cardiovascular System/Circulatory System, in order to answer the question. The main role of the cardiovascular system is to move blood through the body. The composition includes: Heart, capillaries, veins and arteries. The system moves oxygenated blood from the lungs and heart through the whole body via arteries. Blood also travels through the capillaries that are found between the arteries and veins. There are multiple diseases that affect the Cardiovascular System Angina, Arrhythmia, Congenital Heart Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Myocardial Infarction, CHF, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Mitral Regurgitation, Mitral Valve Prolapse, Pulmonary Stenosis, etc. In Addition there are Vascular Diseases: Peripheral Artery Disease, Aneurism, Atherosclerosis, Renal Artery Disease, Raynauds Disease, Buergerâs Disease, Peripheral Venous Disease, Stroke, Venous Blood Clots, and Blood Clotting Disorders (American Heart Association, 2015). Multiple treatments exist for each and every one of these diseases, and hopefully more to come. American Heart Association. (2015). What is cardiovascular disease? Retrieved from http://www.heart.org.

rubysardine984

Please, help me answer the following questions on Chronic Diseases and Risks. No guess work, thank you!

QUESTION 1 Chronic diseases generally have several underlying characteristics, including a. A long latency period between exposure to risk and disease outcomes b. Low degree of preventability c. High curve rate d. None of the above

QUESTION 2 Which of the following risk factors collectively explain a significant proportion (not incidence) of most chronic diseases? a. Tobacco, alcohol, diet

b. Tobacco, alcohol, diet, physical activity c. Alcohol, physical activity d. Tobacco, diet, physical activity

QUESTION 3 Adherence to treatment is influenced by several interacting dimensions including a. Social and economic factors b. Healthcare system factors c. Condition-related factors

d. Therapy-related factors e. Patient related factors f. All of the above

QUESTION 4 _________ is the leading cause of cancer in both developed and developing countries worldwide a. Radiation exposure b. Tobacco use c. Pesticide exposure d. Air pollution QUESTION 5 This week's YouTube video on treating non-communicable diseases in Rwanda showed how a community health worker helps to treat heart disease, diabetes and _______ a. Cancer b. Asthma c. Hepatitis d. HIV/AIDS

QUESTION 6 Which of these are myths of chronic disease control a. Benefits of chronic disease control accrue not only to the individual but also to the population b. Economic growth improves all health conditions c. Chronic diseases are associated with low SES/poverty d. Chronic disease only occurs in the elderly e. a and c f. b and d

QUESTION 7 ___________ remains the leading cause of death among both men and women in low- and middle-income countries a. Cancer b. Cardiovascular disease c. Diabetes d. Obesity e. Respiratory disease

QUESTION 8 Chronic disease in adults accounts for approximately 60% of all deaths worldwide. True False

QUESTION 9 The WHO's Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework includes a positive policy environment True False

QUESTION 10 It is estimated that the overall number of cancer cases will rise by 50% in the next 20 years. True False

periwinkleskunk371

In the US, around 75 million people have hypertension, with more people dying of hypertension-related cardiovascular disease. The increasing prevalence of hypertension is blamed on lifestyle and dietary factors, such as physical inactivity, alcohol and tobacco use, and a diet high in sodium (usually from processed and fatty foods). As a practitioner, what your recommendation is to reduce the incidence of the disease. Further, utilizing the knowledge from the concept about the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system discussed in class, identify what specific drugs (could be) have been developed to treat hypertension by targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Please provide sound rationale to support your statement.

orangehare861

BMS 360 Lecture Notes - Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Circulation, Cardiovascular Disease

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