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BIOL308 Study Guide - Kozak Consensus Sequence, Ribosome-Binding Site, Transcription Preinitiation Complex

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taupellama672
11 Jun 2014
School
University of Waterloo
Department
Biology
Course
BIOL308
Professor
Bruce Wolff

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Document Summary

Kozak sequence is a consensus sequence in eukaryotes that has the aug embedded in it as: 5" . Cc a/g cc aug g 3" this sequence is recognized by the 40s subunit (which already has initiator trna bound), which binds to the methyl cap and scans mrna for the kozak sequence. While aug is the start codon, it must be present within the right context for proper binding of the ribosome to the mrna. Describe in detail events during initiation of the eukaryotic (or prokaryotic) translation. If3 binds to free 30s subunit (prevention of binding of 50s subunit) If1 binds (prevents potential binding of trna to a site) 3: mrna binds to 30s subunit through interaction of shine-dalgarno sequence with 16s rrna. 5: this forms the 30s initiation complex, 50s subunit binds, this displaces if1 and if2, if3 and gtp is hydrolyzed energy consuming step, this forms the 70s initiation complex.

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Related Questions

Facts about ribosomes

Indicate whether each of the following statements aboutribosomes is true or false.

1. Ribosomes are composed of tRNA and protein. TrueFalse
2. During translation in eukaryotes, some ribosomes remain free inthe cytoplasm while others attach to protein channels embedded inthe RER. TrueFalse
3. During initiation of translation, the small ribosomal subunitjoins to the mRNA and initiator rRNA, followed by the largeribosomal subunit. TrueFalse
4. When a ribosome first assembles on the mRNA, the initiator tRNAoccupies the A site while the P and E sites are empty.TrueFalse
5. During translation, a charged tRNA first binds to the ribosomeif its anticodon matches the codon in the E site. TrueFalse
6. A peptide bond forms between the amino acid attached to a tRNAin the A site and the growing polypeptide attached to a tRNA in theP site. TrueFalse
7. Uncharged tRNA molecules in the E site are ejected from theribosome. TrueFalse
8. No more than 2 tRNA molecules are bound to a ribosome at anygiven time. TrueFalse
9. During translocation of the ribosome, tRNA molecules move fromthe P site, to the A site, to the E site, and are then ejected fromthe ribosome. TrueFalse
10. During translation, an amino acid attached to a tRNA in the Asite is transferred to a growing polypeptide attached to a tRNA inthe P site. TrueFalse

Facts about ribosomes

Indicate whether each of the following statements aboutribosomes is true or false.

1. Ribosomes are composed of tRNA and protein. TrueFalse
2. During translation in eukaryotes, some ribosomes remain free inthe cytoplasm while others attach to protein channels embedded inthe RER. TrueFalse
3. During initiation of translation, the small ribosomal subunitjoins to the mRNA and initiator rRNA, followed by the largeribosomal subunit. TrueFalse
4. When a ribosome first assembles on the mRNA, the initiator tRNAoccupies the A site while the P and E sites are empty.TrueFalse
5. During translation, a charged tRNA first binds to the ribosomeif its anticodon matches the codon in the E site. TrueFalse
6. A peptide bond forms between the amino acid attached to a tRNAin the A site and the growing polypeptide attached to a tRNA in theP site. TrueFalse
7. Uncharged tRNA molecules in the E site are ejected from theribosome. TrueFalse
8. No more than 2 tRNA molecules are bound to a ribosome at anygiven time. TrueFalse
9. During translocation of the ribosome, tRNA molecules move fromthe P site, to the A site, to the E site, and are then ejected fromthe ribosome. TrueFalse
10. During translation, an amino acid attached to a tRNA in the Asite is transferred to a growing polypeptide attached to a tRNA inthe P site. TrueFalse

Match the following:

1

Region which lies upstream of thetranslation start site contains the Shine Dalgarno sequence
2

Sequence added to the 3' end of thepre-mRNA which affects mRNA stability
3

Establishes the reading frame andspecifies the first amino acid of the protein chain
4

DNA sequence that the transcriptionapparatus recognizes and binds to initiate transcription
5

Expressed sequences of DNA that arenot removed during alternative splicing
6

Signals the end of translation andthe protein molecule
7

Group of three nucleotides that codefor an amino acid
8

Site begins the coding region of thegene and is located 25-30 nucleotides downstream of the TATAbox
9

Non-coding sequences of DNA thatintervene within coding regions of a gene

10 Ribosome binding site ineukaryotes; functions in the initiation of translation and mRNAstability
11

A sequence which lies downstream ofthe coding region of the gene; determines the location of the 3'cleavage site in the pre-mRNA molecule
12

Sequence of nucleotides at the 3' endof the mRNA that is not translated into protein; affects thetranslation and stability of the mRNA molecule
A.

5' untranslated region
B.

AAUAAA consensus sequence
C.

Promoter
D.

Transcription start site
E.

3' untranslated region
F.

Introns
G.

Initiation codon (AUG)
H.

Poly(A) tail
I.

5' cap
J.

Termination codon (UAA, UGA, UAG)
K.

Exons
L.

Sense codon