BIOL 3090 Chapter Notes - Chapter 15: Autocrine Signalling, Endocrine System, Cell Signaling
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Types of signaling: endocrine signaling- release of a molecule into the bloodstream to distant target cells, ex. Pancreas cells secreting insulin. (fig 15-2a: hormone. Signaling molecule that mediates endocrine signaling: paracrine signaling- only affects cells in close proximity. (short distance, ex. A neuron secreting a neurotransmitter. (fig 15-2b: diffusion only can go so far short distance, autocrine signaling- secreted growth factors act on the same cell, cancer cells often use autocrine signaling. (fig 15-2c) : by the receptor, only one kind of ligand can bind. (fig 15-3b: effector specificity. : receptor-ligand complex initiates a particular cellular response: once ligand binds the gray receptor, a second (blue) receptor could bind to form a receptor dimer. (fig 15-3c) Lipophilic hormones: diffuse through the plasma membrane, bind intracellular (cytosolic) receptors, receptor-hormone complex then acts as a transcription factor, lipophilic hormones that can bind cytosolic receptors:
