PHIL 1301 Study Guide - Baruch Spinoza, Organism, Substantial Form
Document Summary
Radical revolution: follows descartes overview of aristotle"s 4 causes. Leibnitz expands to spinoza; refers to 4 causes. Wants to retain format and final causes as explanatory theories: deals with purposes/intentions, educated in aristotlean philosophy. Saw first 2 causes as necessary for science but also wanted to bring back. These causes were lost in spinoza: brings god back into the universe with aristotle"s last 2 causes. Spinoza: that which is self-sufficient therefore there is only 1 of each ; god, therefore there is 1 god. Substances don"t interact -> there is only spinoza"s idea but with an infinite number of substances, not one. Monads have no windows: they cannot interact, effect one another, causes one another to do something, but, if they can"t interact, there are no causes. God sets the initial stage of the universe. Impossible: (compossible -> not all things are possible at the same time) To be a man and a woman at the same time.
