BIO 3153 Study Guide - Final Guide: Cell Membrane, Cell Adhesion, Cytotoxicity
17 Jul 2014
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Why: balance of cell division with death in adult tissues (if not, tissue would grow or shrink, we make more cells that needed to make sure that appropriate connections can be made (insurance) Figure: mouse paw in frogs (apoptosis in development: cells undergoing apoptosis (webbed hands), loss of cells between digits (pronounced fingers) 1: dna laddering, blebbing: bulge of plasma membrane containing material, cell fragmentation. Apoptic body, engulfed by phagocyte, gets rid of bits and pieces of cell. Phagocytosis: asymmetric distribution of plasma membrane is lost (because of apoptosis, negatively charged phophatidylserine becomes exposed outside cell, cell marked for phagocytosis by macrophage. Caspases cleave essential proteins: protein kinases: fak, disrupts cell adhesion, lamins: disassembly of nuclear lamina, cytoskeleton: changes in cell shape, cad: (cleaves and activates) dna fragmentation. *cell adhesion: binding of cell to surface or extracellular matrix. Caspases first produced as inactive procaspases activated by proteolytic interactions (cleavage) with other active caspases.
