PS102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Clark L. Hull, Reduction Drive, Motivation
Document Summary
Motives are the needs, wants, interests, and desires that propel people in certain directions motivation- involves a goal-directed behaviour. Explored by clark hull (1940-50s) homeostasis- a state of physiological equilibrium or stability. Drive theory applies homeostasis to behaviour drive- internal state of tension that motivates an organism to engage in activities that should reduce the tension the tension in a disturbance to equilibrium. Drive theory emphasizes how internal states of tension push people in certain directions (motivation comes from within- intrinsic motivation) Propose that external stimuli regulate motivational states incentive- is an external goal that has the capacity to motivate behaviour. Incentive theory emphasizes how external stimuli pull people in certain directions (motivation comes from outside- extrinsic motivation) Expectancy-value models take into consideration that not all desires are realistic. One"s motivation to pursue a particular course of action depends on: expectancy about one"s chances of attaining the incentive, value of the desired incentive.