Physiology 3120 Lecture Notes - Respiratory Alkalosis, Respiratory Acidosis, Metabolic Alkalosis

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Acid/base balance: collecting duct is the region of the nephron for this, hydrogen or bicarbonate will be secreted into the filtrate, two types of cd cells. Type a intercalated cells h+ secretors. Co2 and water combine (with carbonic anhydrase) to produce hydrogen & bicarbonate. These cells use a h+ atpase to pump h+ into filtrate. Bicarbonate is reabsorbed using a bicarbonate-chloride antiporter; also have a chloride channel on luminal membrane to secrete excess cl. Type b intercalated cells hco3 secretors. Co2 transport occurs more on basolateral side where the blood is. Same step to produce hydrogen and bicarbonate. Same antiporter as before, but this time it"s on the luminal membrane; same cl channel on opposite membrane as well (basolateral) Hydrogen pumped out with atpase and k/h atpase: causes of acid/base disturbances, metabolic acidosis (excess acid) Excessive breakdown of fats or certain amino acids. Ingestion of aspirin, methanol, or antifreeze: respiratory acidosis. Not being able to expel co2 properly (hypoventilation)

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